Week 5 Lt Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Week 5 Lt Assignment - Essay Example The processes involved in these improvements include renovation of machines, increased training of employees and establishment of 5S problem analysis team. A new process can be measured using various measurement techniques. Most of these techniques are statistical. One measurement technique is variation and standard deviation. This method determines the level of deviation of the outcome of new process from that of the old process. Returns on Investment (ROI) can also be used to measure the performance of the new process. This involves the measurement of the returns from the new process compared to its investment (Persse, 2006). The initial investment of the process including changes made to the old process is subtracted from the returns of the new process. ROI differs from the Variance and Standard Deviation because Variance and Standard Deviation compares the new process with the old process while the ROI only measures the performance of the new process. However, both measurement techniques show the level of success of the new project based on its performance after the changes to the old

Why Do We Need Criminal Law?

Why Do We Need Criminal Law? Why we need Criminal Law. Even though some believe that laws sometimes oppress the people, a society with laws would not be a society but more like a jungle because laws serve to regulate human interaction and laws enforce moral belief. The purposes of criminal law in its simplest form are to protect and serve society. Criminal law has basic functions that help protect society. Criminal law purpose in society function is to protect the basic moral of the people. In the early days in America, history during the so-called Wild West morality was a low point. Criminal without a regard for the law dominated the social norm during the cowboy era. Many townships did not have law enforcement and thus lawlessness had no buffer for crime. If control had not been restored the country in all probability would not exist today. The laws exist to create a line that must not be cross or else one will suffer the consequence of violating the law. According to Frank Schmalleger, the author of Criminal justice today, the fundamental to the concept of criminal law is the assumption that criminal act injure not just individuals, but society as a whole. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.117) Gleaning from his statement it is clear that when a crime is committed it does not only affect the victim but the community. When saying community this is to include family, friends, and possibly neighbors. Therefore, any time a law is broken it can affect many people. Moreover as a society, we need to have buffers to keep order or else disastrous society would be the norm. Since the law act as a buffer for lawlessness it is fair to say that it also set boundaries for law-abiding citizens. In order for criminal law to work these boundaries has to often deterrence. Deterrence is a goal of criminal sentencing that seeks to inhibit criminal behavior through the fear of punishment. (Schmalleger, 2011, p. 374) In order to persuade people violating the law, they need to know that there will be consequences for their actions. The purpose of deterrence is not merely to punish one for a crime it also exist t to persuade other from committing the same crime. Often time when one is drive on the interstate or freeways one will see law enforcement sitting on the side of the road. The present of the officer is a simply deterrence to driver speeding. General deterrence main goal is to reduce the probability of one committing a crime. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.374) When looking at general deterrence, it goal is stop deviance in the general population. Criminal law tries to use general deterrence that will stop future occurrence. When one in a store to shoplift they might see, a sign that state camera are monitoring the store. Furthermore, a store might have a security guard present to deter one stealing. The police might patrol an area near clubs where fight often occurs. However, there is specific deterrence that seeks to avoid repeat offenses. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.374) In specific deterrence, the goal is to prevent recidivism by convicted offenders. In this theory, it attempts to eliminate the offender repeat the crime by corporal punishment, three strike rule, and shock sentencing. When deterrence does not work the justice system only alternative is punishment. Punishment is much like deterrence in that it is seen as a crime preventive measure. Some see punishment as a nature and deserved consequence of criminal activity. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.374) If criminal law is to function correctly criminal have to know that if they commit a crime, especially after the system has place deterrence as a buffer to prevent one form committing a crime they will be punished. Punishment for offense such as child molestation is one of the toughest punishments for offenders. Next to the death penalty child molester are given the strict punishment. The offender are often limited to where they can live, seek employment and whom they can interact with in society. One might say that the punishment they receive is just but this punishment often led to recidivism. Therefore, the strictness of this punishment tends to defend the purpose. Society will say that the punishment is a success however, it is not rehabilitating. Punishment does have it place in society and does work but one must ask is punishment just or is just retribution with makeup. Retribution is seen as the act of taking revenge on criminal perpetrator. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.373) Retribution seems like the punishment that child molesters receive. The just deserts model is seen as the criminal getting what they deserve. (Schmalleger, 2011, p.374) However, this does not solve the problem it perpetual the problem in criminal law. The Court claims to justify the death penalty in retributive terms in part because execution vindicates the communitys interest in denouncing the conduct of the offender with the ultimate penalty. Nevertheless, the Courts analysis is problematic. First, if satisfying the communitys desire for punishment counts as a retributive goal, the Court uncritically understands the death penalty as the ultimate penalty. (Markel, 2009) In conclusion, society knows the purposes of criminal law in its simplest form are to protect and serve society. Criminal law can perform it basic functions, which is to help protect society. However, criminal law will never achieve it s objective if the criminal is not rehabilitated. Rehabilitation should be a main objective next protecting and serving. If society did not have criminal law, the society would not be to survive.

Insomnia Essay -- essays research papers

Insomnia is formally defined as the inability to get the standard amount of sleep. This disease affects 1 in 3 adults every year in the United States (Insomnia). Insomnia is a growing problem that we are learning more about everyday, insomnia makes life very hard for those who are inflicted by it. Prevention of insomnia is rather simple if you learn simple techniques. If you are afflicted by insomnia than cure is rather simple if you are in the care of a good health care provider   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Insomnia is most commonly found in women and older adults. Also people who are divorced or widowed have a greater chance than those who are married to be victims of insomnia (Sleep Disorders). These groups tend to have higher stress and that is why they are more likely to be affected. There is transient insomnia which is rather common and only lasts for a few days, the insomnia will be cured once the stressful problem is resolved. Chronic insomnia lasts for more than three weeks and should be treated by a trained health care provider (Sleep Disorders). Chronic insomnia is proven to lead to other diseases such as mood disorders and depression. Transient insomnia is usually caused by a temporary situation of high stress and will normally go away when the problem is resolved. Chronic depression can be caused by a number of things. Acute stress like an illness can cause chronic insomnia. Depression and high anxiety can also lead to insomnia. It may also be caused by s leep problems such as sleep apnea. Caffeine or other stimulants can lead to insomnia. The use of depressants and sedatives will relax you but may also cause you to have shallow, fragmented sleep. Pain due to illness may also be causes. Poor sleep habits are also proven to be causes of insomnia. Extreme changes in sleep patterns may cause insomnia. There are also rare conditions such as restless leg syndrome and nocturnal myoclonus that can lead to chronic insomnia (Sleep Disorders). There are several symptoms of insomnia and they are very obvious. Having trouble falling asleep is a good sign you may have insomnia. Waking up often at night or being restless is a tell tale sign of insomnia. Also if you wake up early and are unable to go back to sleep you may be affected my insomnia. If you wake up from a night of sleep and do not feel rested at all you are most likely afflicted by insomnia (Burt... ... bed can help you take your mind off your day’s troubles. Having background noise helps make falling asleep easier for some people. Try and not focus on falling asleep and try and let your mind drift, this will help you fall asleep quicker. Avoiding unneeded stress in your life will help you prevent insomnia also. Keep a journal and write down before you go to bed everything you need to do, this will help you to not worry about everything you have been worrying about ( Sleep Disorders). All these techniques are ways of reducing stress. Some techniques may not work for some and may work great for others; it all depends on the person. Once you find a technique that works you should stick with it. Whatever is comfortable for you is what you should use.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Insomnia has become a very popular disease in the United States. There are numerous treatments that can help ease the affects this disease has on people. Knowing how to prevent it and what the symptoms are is crucial to avoiding the disease. All the prevention techniques are free and very easy to learn, everyone should know these techniques so they can help prevent this disease that makes life so difficult

First meeting Issues

In the first meeting of the Land Committee held on 22nd December, 2004 it was decided to hold public hearings with recognized political parties, civil society organizations and peoples? unions working on land issues of the poor to understand the various issues on land reforms. The Committee held public hearings in Hydrated, Wrangle, Vigilant and Atrophic. The visits to the districts and public meetings were followed by field visits to districts and villages to get a firsthand knowledge of the land issues affecting the poor.In an overwhelming response, political parties and civil society organizations attended all the public hearings and cutting across party lines, have demanded that land issues affecting the poor required immediate attention by the Government. Commissioning of Studies In order to understand the land issues in greater detail and also the relevance and use of the existing Revenue Acts, the committee has commissioned studies on various aspects of land issues by speciali sts and experts.Studies have been conducted on Board Standing Orders and Revenue Acts, Tribal land issues, issues of Tenancy, the phenomenon of absentee landlord's and that of plain paper transactions (Sad bambina transactions), functioning of the legal system and state of the endowment lands (Terms of References of the studies and consultants/consulting organizations conducting the study enclosed).Recommendations immediately operational in nature While commissioning the studies the Land Committee was very clear that recommendations evolving from the studies would not be theoretical in nature and focus shall be on operational issues. The Committee has tried its best to cover the important and pressing land issues. The recommendations of the committee while not exhaustive nevertheless cover substantial ground. Page 3 of 101 Land still the single most emotive issue in rural areas It has been the Committee?s experience that the issue of land continues to be the single most emotive issu e in the rural areas.

Economics †Puerto Rico Essay

In this paper will identify, describe and production costs of the Company San Juan Cell Phones compares. In turn, the potential risks are identified in making management decisions. In addition, will analyze and assess what are the best ways to prevent negative consequences for the company. The term cost refers to the amount or representing a product or service according to investment in material, labor; training and time that you need to develop it. As you can see, the term is characteristic and central to economics as it is the point at which any part of trade or economic relationship between two parties. The cost is to be paid by those who want to receive a product or service to have it in his possession or under his control. Today, the cost of a product or service is expressed in most situations in terms of money or capital (which may itself vary currency according to the region or area in which the exchange takes place). However, in antiquity and long, humanity carried on their t rade and economic exchanges through the delivery of other items such as spices. The cost of the products is then provided to the equivalent cost for a given quantity of spice. Economic Costs According to McConnell & Brue (2008), Economic costs include all payments that must be received by resource owners to ensure a continued supply of needed resources to a particular line of production. Economic costs include explicit costs, which flow to resources owned and supplied by others, and implicit costs, which are payments for the use of self-owned and self-employed resources. One implicit cost is a normal profit to the entrepreneur. Economic profit occurs when total revenue exceeds total cost (= explicit costs + implicit costs, including a normal profit).  Differentiate between short-run costs and long run depending on use of whether variable or fixed productive factors. In Short-run costs: have fixed and variable inputs. Therefore, variable and fixed costs will be. Within the short-run costs are: Total Cost is the market value of all inputs used to produce a product. It has 2 components: fixed and variable costs: (1) is determined and unchanging value that is independent o f production volume, are those costs always exist e.g. rent, electricity, etc. (2) A Variable cost is a cost that is incurred depending on the volume of production, human cost (work) and commodities. (3) The marginal cost is the change experienced by the total cost when an additional unit increases production. Grows in contrast to the marginal productivity sense, if it grows, the marginal cost decreases. In Long-run costs: there are only variable costs. In the long run, firms have no fixed costs are all variables that the factors of production are thus the total cost, which is equal to the variable costs. The curves in the long-run costs, they say to each output, with the lowest cost that can be obtained, assuming all inputs vary. The curve means short-run costs will be tangent to the long-run average costs. The total long-run cost is equal to all the variable costs of the company. Some of the reasons why the average total cost curve to be increasing, stable or declining: (1) the means and long-run marginal costs, like a â€Å"u† because it produces income production. (2) When yields are constant output grows proportional / the increase factor, and average costs are constant. (3) When yields are rising, the long-term costs decrease. (4) When yields decrease long-term costs are rising. (5) Normally the company began taking increasing returns but as the situation is complicated diminishing appear. Overall yields are mixed. San Juan Cell Phone Scenario This scenario presented the actual dilemma of company San Juan Cell Phone in Puerto Rico. In this scenario the production manager need to analyze the potential risks, consequences positive or negative and possible solutions; of accepting the order of 100,000 units of cell phone of the company â€Å"Big Box† and accept or reject the external production of the cell by outsourcing, an external company called â€Å"Original Equipment Manufacturer†. In order to make a recommendation on what would be the best alternative for this scenario and to provide a solution that does not affect the company,  analysis and recommendations will be divided into phases. In the first phase will analyze the unit profitability report of San Juan Cell Phones, which is found in Table 1 in the statistical appendix of this document. This table shows that the company San Juan Cell Phones has a price per unit for the Alpha model for $ 20, of which the variable costs per unit are $8, fixed overhead s per unit are $ 9 and a profit per unit of $ 3. The company â€Å"Big Box† will not pay more than $ 15 per cell phone; which implies a loss of $ 5 dollars per unit price for San Juan Cell Phone. If we analyze the loss from the perspective of the total cost of production, San Juan Cell Phones would have a total loss of production of $200,000, even without adding that there was no profit from this production. This loss would lead to other serious problems to company profitability, which will be difficult to replenish in the short term because the equilibrium price in the market is $15. Therefore can notice an excess supply. San Juan Cell Phones must make a comprehensive analysis of their variable and fixed costs and trying to lower them to compete with the market price and maintain profitability. On the other hand, evaluating the offer that provides OEM to San Juan Cell Phones, where the price of production per unit is $14; we can see that San Juan Cell Phones could meet the production requested by Big Box and in turn obtain a profit of $100,000. This in turn allowing you to San Juan Cell Phone keeps the market equilibrium price of $ 15. Where the company can lower the current price per unit and maintain its excess demand in the market and maintain profitability. As part of this analysis shows that the grant to the outsourcing manufacturing, with the penalty would take to keep all their employees working and running the factory capacity. And therefore their bonus, which is based on the overall profitability of the company, is affected. Recommendations of best alternative solution In the second phase of this analysis will make the recommendations to follow to meet the expectations required by Bib Box, without loss of profitability, and to meet the value established by the company. Below the suggested recommendations: (1) Is to secure the order of 100,000 phones required by Bib Box. (2) Establish agreements with OEM outsourcing. In this agreement the Alpha prototype model and the quality of the prototype will be established, also limit the time of delivery and the amount of production is  settled. In turn, the price of $ 14 per unit, which is not negotiable, is settled. (3) Establish a plan for reengineering the organization structure, technology and the human factor in the production line of Alpha models as initial phase of the process. At a later stage the reengineering organization to another production line would be extended. Observe the appendix A: Guide for Strategic Planning and Organizational Reengineering. These recommendations are aimed to the San Juan Cell Phones company, can get the desired order to maintain profitability. In addition to be able to maintain its equilibrium price in the market, you can keep your excess demand, increase their volume of production and profits. In addition meet its corporate values ​​to provide its customers with high quality and exceed the expectations of them. Conclusion In the scenario presented the administrative task being viewed uncertain and challenging, as a number without variables, change and transformation is affecting it. It’s time for San Juan Cell Phones, perform an analysis of their strengths and limitations of your environment and make a formulation of strategic alternatives. This analysis will take the company to be more efficient and effective in meeting the needs of its consumers, taking into consideration an adaptability, a proactive character and flexibility to embrace change, in turn have a better interaction with new technologies and positive changes in the values ​​of corporate society attitude. Reference McConnell, C. R. & Brue, S. L. (2008). Economics: Principles, problems, and policies (17th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill/Irwin. Pugel, T. A. (2007). International economics (13th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw Hill/Irwin. University of Phoenix. (2014). Student Resources. Retrieve from https://newclassroom3.phoenix.edu/Classroom/#/contextid/OSIRIS:46311129/context/co/view/activityDetails/activity/d547f818-bc95-4e40-b161-61f94462bdb7/expanded/False Statistical Appendix

The American Civil War Essay Example

The American Civil War Essay Example The American Civil War Essay The American Civil War Essay Essay Topic: Notes From Underground The American Civil War is a topic which many poets have addressed in verse. What separates Lowells For The Union Dead from the scores of other Civil War poems is not only the complex interweaving of period and contemporary events in order to make a social commentary on change, which give the poem a strong modern-day resonance, but also the precise and polysemic lexis Lowell employs in order to link different timeframes.In 1964, four years after he first read For The Union Dead in public, Lowell stated in a letter: In my poem For The Union Dead, I lament the loss of the old Abolitionist spirit; the terrible injustice, in the past and present, of the American treatment of the Negro is the greatest urgency to me as a man and a writer.. By describing the loss of such a spirit, Lowell also reveals what has replaced it in modern Boston; a vulgar fixation with consumerism. His juxtaposition of the unselfish and heroic sacrifice of Colonel Shaw and his all-black 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry against the moral decline of modern Boston, of a rose-tinted past against a dystopian present, is a continual theme in the poem. He describes the bronze monument celebrating their valour as (sticking) like a fishbone in the citys throat, going on to state that the Colonel is out of bounds now; in both instances, Lowell alludes to the fact that the laudable values which the Colonel and his men stood for are ignored by modern society, that human nature has degenerated into crude materialism.This degeneration is shown further by Lowells disdainful description of the building of a garage beneath the Boston Common, which is owned by the people of Boston rather than the city itself. The construction of the garage in the 60s was subject to vehement and ultimately unsuccessful protest, as it was seen as an infringement of the peoples rights. The theme of immoral consumerism recurs in this disdainful description: Parking spaces luxuriate like civic sandpiles in the heart of Boston. Lowell sees his city reduced to a plaything for childlike developers who have no thought for culture or heritage. Yet another example of this brazen consumerism is the reference to the Mosler Safe, which is advertised and glorified as a result of WWII. This is juxtaposed against the memorial, carelessly propped by a plank splint. This theme is not only applicable to Boston, but universally applicable; indeed, with the ever increasing emphasis on material wealth in modern life, the poem may have even greater relevance today. Through the universal applicability of its themes, then, Lowells poem demonstrates the qualities of durability which allows literary works to be widely deemed as valuable.In addition to this large-scale historical juxtaposition, there is a personal juxtaposition between the child Lowell and the adult Lowell, adding another layer of complexity to the poem as the factual and emotional interact with each other. The Aquarium is vital here, not only exhibiting the imp ermanence of the world we live in as modernisation propels human advancement, but showing how even within Lowells lifetime, the world has changed beyond recognition; the fish of his childhood are gone, and all that is left is the bronze weathervane cod which has lost half its scales; they have been replaced by yellow dinosaur steamshovels grunting behind their cage and giant finned cars. The replacement of the sentient fish from the Aquarium with these mechanical beasts of the modern era runs parallel to the aforementioned degeneration of human nature, and together they chart the disappearance of the world of Lowells childhood, as well as and Colonel Shaws lifetime. On a personal level as well, then, Lowell portrays the change which has come about in his lifetime with great pessimism. At this personal level, though, there are also elements of continuity within the different timeframes which Lowell describes melancholically. As a child he watches the fish behind the glass, as an adul t he sees the drained faces of school-children rise like balloons through a television screen; in both situations he is frustrated by his own helplessness.Lowell also presents continuity regarding the fact that despite the American Civil War was won by the Abolitionists, segregation was still existent at the time of writing; he conveys disgust at the fact that while Americas fragile sense of heritage and culture is bulldozed in the name of technological advancement (the steamshovels and cars), racism remains. The fact that the Boston Common garage is geographically close to the bronze memorial for the 54th Massachusetts Volunteers Infantry means that the link between the two is justified and founded in reality, the link being that although the garage would suggests advancement, it actually represents a backward step for Boston, and the memorials place in an America which still instigates segregation shows that America is still stuck in its prejudiced past. Lowells layering of images , juxtapositions and parallels across various timeframes, and the split between historical and personal, allows the poem to be a complex collection of ideas contributing to the same central twin destinations concerning inequality and transience. A complex interweaving of ideas which denotes value, then, can be clearly identified in Lowells poem.Another feature of valued literature, alongside complex ideas, is complexity in language and word choice. There can be little doubt that Lowell has chosen to place certain words in certain places in the poem, that he is a craftsperson in command of (his) writing. Even the opening line, the epigraph Relinquunt Omnia Servare Rem Publicam is an edited version of the epigraph on the actual memorial Reinquit Omnia Servare Rem Publicam. Lowells amendment turns He gave up all to serve the Republic, referring to Colonel Shaw into They gave up all to serve the Republic, referring to the entire 54th Massachusetts Volunteer Infantry. Even in this minor adjustment, then, the central themes of racial equality is addressed, as well as the bravery of the soldiers which is so often acknowledged in Civil War poems. Evidence of Lowells conscious decision to select exact words can also be seen by the repetition of words within the poem, to either reinforce or contradict a point previously made. When describing his experience of the fish at the Aquarium, Lowell writes that his hand tingled, and when describing the Statehouse when the construction works for the garage are occurring, Lowell also says it is tingling. The former use of the word suggests vitality and excitement, whereas the latter use suggests both the literal and symbolic undermining of democratic values, of equality.The first line and the second to last line also utilise this repetition, this time Servare and servility. Here, Shaws civic courage, his noble defence of his beliefs and his country, is contrasted against the savage servility of the cars. Savage servility is a par adoxical description which highlights both the bleak, unfeeling, asocial nature of modern life and the undercurrent of menace which Lowell feels accompanies this modernisation. The placement of these juxtaposing words at the beginning and end of the poem serve to illustrate the change which Lowell works so hard to show the reader throughout the poem. A final and less obvious instance of such repetition comes, rather than at the beginning and end of the poem, in a single sentence: on Boylston Street, a commercial photograph/Shows Hiroshima boiling/over a Mosler Safe. Boylston and boiling is not repetition in a strict sense; it is an example of assonance. Boylston Street is a major commercial centre in Boston, and so the avarice portrayed by the Mosler Hiroshima boiling advertisement is clearly mirrored by this hub of capitalism. It is evident, then, that Lowell has formed the poem with a meticulousness of the highest order, giving the poem a great deal of value.There is, however, a p roblem with the poem in terms of value. Lowells poem includes intimate details about Boston and the Civil War at the risk of alienating readers who are not familiar with either, for instance an English reader with no knowledge of the Civil War or Boston. The English reader would then have to research into the Civil War and Boston in order to understand the poem even at its most basic level. This could mean that the perceived value of the poem is diminished for this reader. Michael Foucault certainly holds this view, positing that all literary texts display enunciative poverty, in that they inevitably cannot convey full meaning or representation, and that it is critics themselves who repeat over and over the message which the text itself failed to tell, that these critics make up for a poets lack of precision in craft.However, the ignorance of the reader cannot diminish the value of a poem; it is the readers responsibility to fill in gaps in their knowledge and thereby fully comprehe nd the value and complexity of the poem. Foucault also doubts that the writer is in complete control of the writing, arguing instead that certain literary traditions economic and literary pressures influence the text. Again, if Foucaults position is to be believed, this would show that Lowell is not a craftsman in command of (his) writing, and therefore that his poetry is not valuable. However, while these pressures undoubtedly shape certain decisions concerning issues like structure and subject matter (for instance, the construction of the underground garage in the vicinity of the memorial and the on-going civil rights movement led Lowell to consider Colonel Shaw and his Infantrys bravery and the futility of their sacrifice), the artistry and poetic technique exhibited by the poet requires a great deal of control. These pressures, if anything, form a vague outline of a work which must be defined and filled by the poets imagination; Lowell does this magnificently, using the intricat e entwining of themes and ideas and precise word choice to create a work of true value.

Special Population (Uop Bshs 402) Essay Example

Special Population (Uop Bshs 402) Essay Example Special Population (Uop Bshs 402) Essay Special Population (Uop Bshs 402) Essay Special Populations University of Phoenix Darla Roberts BSHS 402 Jocelyn Besse May 7, 2011 Many populations in and outside of human services can utilize the skills and services of a case manager, however, there are many special populations in the realm of human services that require a case manager. Populations that were determined to need a case manager were the elderly, poverty stricken, mental/emotional disabilities, speech pathology, and drug exposed infants. Though each of these populations needs a multitude of services and a case manager, those with mental and emotional disabilities can benefit exponentially with the aid and expertise of a case manager to ensure that needs are met for those clients that cannot or do not understand what needs should be met. How and why have you selected this population? How was this area of interest formed? My interest in the human service field and case management of mental and emotional disabilities was nurtured through personal experience. Throughout my adolescence and early adulthood as I watched two sisters struggle with Bipolar Disorder (BD), Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD), and Manic Depressive Disorder (MDD). My younger brother also battled with mental and emotional disorders such as Shaken Baby Syndrome (SBS), Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD), and various other disorders that prevented learning at an average pace or milestone achievements. Watching my siblings battle these obstacles and the upheaval that each episode brought into our family life made for a constant barrage of dramatic psych ward admissions, suicide attempts, frustration, stress, and emotional exhaustion for both the individual experiencing the episode and the rest of the family watching with our breath held as to the outcome. Growing up in this environment first began to affect me negatively with rebellious acting out. However as I aged and matured, these episodes fostered empathy and an undeniable desire to help others suffering as my siblings had. In the last eight years, I have lost both my sisters to suicide. My older sister overdosed on prescription medication in January of 2003 at the age of 22, and my younger sister overdosed on her prescription medication this past February at the age of 24. Not only do I wish to help those individuals who suffer with these same afflictions, but I would also like to help and support those individuals who are constantly exposed to the effects and aftermath of these disabilities. What do you bring to the field of helping that would benefit this specific population? The largest contribution I bring to the field of case managing is experience. Living with siblings combating so many struggles and obstacles, not only have I seen firsthand what these episodes can entail, but I also know how these episodes can affect the other individuals living in the home. Watching my siblings suffer through these illnesses, I felt helpless, distraught, anxious, and when younger, resentment. The child suffering from the illness is given so much attention that other children in the home without afflictions are forgotten, bypassed, or simply unnoticed. Though being teased at school, not understanding homework, or normal teenage issues pales in comparison to illnesses such as BPD, OCD, MDD, and other illness, the child dealing with the average issues of every adolescent still feels they need guidance, help, and support. However, the parents, schools, doctors, and other family members are so concerned and concentrated on the child with mental issues, that the other children are left to overcome obstacles of everyday life with no support or guidance except what may be found elsewhere. This can lead to drugs, sex, legal trouble, acting out, problems in school, and a number of other undesirable effects. Though some, like me, may experiment mildly with these behaviors and outgrow them, others are not so lucky and end up with severe issues of their own. One other effect of living with individuals affected with these kinds of disorders is to eventually learn that some disorders, such as BD, are genetic. As a mother of two girls, I can only pray that my girls will not suffer as my sister’s did. This in itself is a harrowing feeling. I would like to help others realize that simply because disorders are genetic, does not automatically mean that their children will suffer the same. There are benefits to living with individuals battling these illnesses. One benefit is recognizing normal and abnormal patterns of behavior. An individual that has personal experience living with a disorder such as BD will know what kind of displays of behavior to watch for and whether fits of temper are simply normal ehavior or could be something else. An individual who has no concept of BD may not realize that their child needs professional attention and assume that the child is spoiled or ill tempered. I also bring personally developed ideas to this field. Since I have lived with and seen firsthand episodes stemming from severe mental and emotional disorders, I gained valuable insight and familiarity with treatments as well as their success rates not only on a medical level, but on a personal lev el according to the individual taking them. For instance, in order to mitigate the effects of Bipolar Disorder in my younger sister, a plethora of drugs were tried over the course of many years. While some drugs like Lithium can help reduce the mania and manic episodes of BD, one of the side effects of this drug is severe weight gain. While my sister’s mental stability was improved, her self-esteem and confidence plummeted due to the massive weight gain. She was still depressed, irritable, and quickly offended. While the doctors and my parents believed this is simply as good control as BD can have, I realized her emotional feelings about the weight gain were being displayed, not symptoms of her mental state. Another idea came after a year of having her medication constantly switched. My sister seemed to be switching medicine every few months. Not only did this cause severe weight fluctuations which inhibit and disrupt any individuals mental, emotional, and physical wellbeing, but I believe the constant switching of medications kept her mental state from stabilizing at all during that year leading to many outbursts. I think the doctors need to try harder to find a custom medication combination according to symptoms, personality, and dominating traits during episodes instead of which drugs are most commonly used to treat the condition or trial and error methods. How would you use case management to help this population? I would use case management to help those individuals suffering from the disorders themselves, as well as those individuals suffering from living with an individual with the disorder to provide many services that are needed, but as of yet, not always included. One of these services is a nutritionist. The client may need to see a nutritionist to help combat weight fluctuations since many studies have linked sever weight fluctuations to instability in mood and many medications used to treat BD have rapid weight loss or gain as side effects. As a case manager, I would help clients receive constant medical care and therapy for each member of the family. As a case manager I would ensure that group therapy and individual therapy is provided for support to each member of the household. Many services focus solely on the individual suffering from the disorder, but disorders such as BD affect everyone in the household. I would also educate the individual extensively on their illness. In my sisters’ cases, my mother was guardian for both, though they both reached ages over 18. In instances such as these, doctors and others assigned to the case tend to direct all questions, treatment plans, and instructions to the guardian. I believe this impedes the individual’s ability to monitor their own condition and allows a passive attitude in determining treatments and controlling disorders. Whether an individual has someone to help or not, each individual needs to be aware, active, and educated on their illness, treatments, and goals. What limitations and strengths do you bring to this chosen field? How would you use the strengths and overcome the limitations? In this field the greatest strength and most limiting weakness I bring is personal experience. Even though individuals may suffer from the same mental or emotional illness, no two cases are the same. Each case cannot be identically compared to my sisters’ cases, though they provide a good foundation to begin from. Simply basing actions off what I believe would help the client the most without hearing the differences between their cases and my own experiences could complicate the case more. Since I do have personal experience with these types of illnesses, I know that each case can quickly become a matter of life and death with absolutely no warning. One day a client may be well adjusted, and the next day try to commit suicide. And, in my experience, both individuals have succumbed to suicide. This could cause a sense of overly exaggerated pressure for me in evaluating a client’s progress. I know that not all individuals feel suicidal at every mishap or setback that occurs, but using my personal experience, I may easily fail to remember this. To overcome this limitation, I will have to trust that I am judging the client based on their own case and not solely my own experiences. Listening to the client, reading body language and facial expressions, and asking pertinent questions will allow me to make a better judgment for the client than going off my own experience. In order to best serve the client, I would put my own experiences in the background and only use that experience when relevant. By treating each case individually and uniquely I can ensure that I am guiding the client down the best road for that client. Are there likely to be multicultural issues to be addressed as you work with this population? How would you address those? Mental and emotional disabilities affect individuals from every race, creed, sex, and ethnicity. Case managing clients in this population will most definitely bring in a plethora of clients from all different backgrounds. There are some groups who may resist medicine on religious grounds, such as the Amish. Others may live in an area that does not have access to services needed, such as underdeveloped countries. There may even be male clients that resist the diagnosis of diseases simply because women are statistically more prone to the disorder or vice versa. In these instances, I would try every avenue to secure treatment for the individual. Whether that means enrolling the client in services that can help attain services in their area or travel as needed to a location that provides services, or strongly advocating the necessity of the medication. What local resources did you find in your Internet search for this population? The only local resource I found on the internet for this population was a dictionary search to ensure the correct spelling of lithium. Otherwise, this is entirely my own extensive experience and thoughts on case managing mental and emotional disorders.

French Attributive Adjectives - Adjectifs épithètes

French Attributive Adjectives - Adjectifs à ©pithà ¨tes Attributive adjectives are used to describe or emphasize some attribute (characteristic) of the noun they modify. Known as à ©pithà ¨tes in French, attributive adjectives are a subcategory of qualifying (descriptive) adjectives. The defining characteristic of attributive adjectives is that they are joined to the noun they modify - immediately preceding or following it with no verb in between. une jeune fille  Ã‚  Ã‚  young girlun nouveau livre  Ã‚  Ã‚  new bookune question intà ©ressante  Ã‚  Ã‚  interesting questionun restaurant cà ©là ¨bre  Ã‚  Ã‚  famous restaurant An attributive adjective emphasizes some aspect of the noun which is essential to the meaning of the noun but not necessarily to the sentence. That is, the à ©pithà ¨te can be dropped without changing the essential meaning of the sentence: Jai achetà © un nouveau livre rougeJai achetà © un nouveau livreJai achetà © un livre Both nouveau and rouge are attributive adjectives, and both can be dropped without hurting the essential meaning of the sentence: I bought a book. Including new and red simply provides additional information about the book that I bought. Types There are three types of attributive adjectives: Épithà ¨te de nature - indicates a permanent, inherent qualityun pà ¢le visage - pale faceune pomme rouge - red appleÉpithà ¨te de caractà ¨re - describes an individual, distinguishing qualityun cher ami - dear friendun homme honnà ªte - honest manÉpithà ¨te de circonstance - expresses a temporary, current qualityune jeune fille - young girlun garà §on triste - sad boy Agreement Attributive adjectives must agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify. Placement Like all descriptive French adjectives, the majority of à ©pithà ¨tes follow the noun they modify. However, à ©pithà ¨tes precede the noun when: the adjective noun is considered a single unit of meaningthe adjective is describing rather than qualifying (limiting) the meaning of the nounit just sounds better As you can see, there are no hard and fast rules for determining whether an à ©pithà ¨te should precede or follow the noun it modifies, but there are some general guidelines that can help: Precede the noun Follow the noun pithtes de nature pithtes de circonstance Figurative or subjective meaning Literal or objective meaning Size and beauty(petit, grand, joli...) Other physical qualities(rouge, carr, costaud...) Single-syllable adjective +multi-syllable noun Multi-syllable adjective +single-syllable noun Ordinal adjectives(premier, deuxime...) Categories + relationships(chrtien, franais, essentiel...) Age(jeune, vieux, nouveau...) Present participles and past participlesused as adjectives (courant, lu...) Goodness(bon, mauvais...) Modified adjectives(un raisin grand comme un abricot)

The mission of Arabian Gulf cooperation council Essay

The mission of Arabian Gulf cooperation council - Essay Example In the modern world, there has been a lean on formation of trade blocks. Many countries in the world have come together to form trading blocks which acts as a platform for negotiation on matters concerning trade.In Europe there it the EU,in America there is NAFTA,in Latin America there is the MERCOSUR,and in the Middle East there is the AGCC.The Arabian Gulf Cooperation Council is the economic and political forum that coordinates policy making for at least six member states including the states of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. Individual countries have found it difficult to air their voices in the world on matters concerning trade and trade blocks have been found to be more influential in making trade agreements.This council was crated in May 19981 with an objective of coordinating, integrating and interconnecting the member states to work together in all fields. It was also formed with an intention of strengthening the ties between the memb er states and their people, formulating and regulating rules and regulating in economic fields. In this mandate the council was formed with an aim of putting in place regulation on economy, finance, trade, customs, tourism, legislation, administration, research and development, mining, agriculture, water and animal resources, and coordinating scientific research centers with the input of the private sector. The council does not impose trade policies upon its member states but each state put in place its own trade laws. Of recent past there is growing need for the member states to cooperate with each other on matters concerning customs duties, intellectual property, and setting of standards and coordination of intra states investments. Under the guidance of the AGCC, member states have implemented a customs union since 2003 which seeks to unify tariffs among the member states. This means at the member states have adopted some common customs laws and procedures in the trade. It also s hows that the member states have adopted a single point of entry in the region fro all international trade. It also seeks to move toward treatment of goods as national origin for member states within the GCC. This means that they would have same origin as a member block rather than indicating the origin of goods to be a particular country. After arriving at an agreement for a common market, the council is now moving towards establishing a monetary union. The country is expected to come up with a monetary union by 2010. In coming up with a common monetary union, the council expects that the economy of the region will improve and at the same time there will be increased trade with the outside world. The council has been representing the member state making trade agreements with other trade block in the world like the EU and others. It has been negotiating for free and fair trade agreements with other trade block. In particular, the council has been negotiating with the EU on harmonizing the trade between the two states with the understanding that Gulf region is home to more than 38% of the world crude reserves. (EU External Relations, 2007) The proposed work by the council One of the most important works that has been accomplished by the council is setting up of a common market. The common was launched on January 2008 and is expected to increase the trade among the countries by 25 percent by 2010 from the current 10 percent for all the foreign trade. With a combined economy of more than 700 billion US dollars, this market is expected to attract other international traders into the region. One of the proposed works by the council is the achievement of a common currency by 2010. This is expected to stir trade in the region and bring about equality among the market members. The common market aims at achieving not only free movement of goods in the region but also movement of labor and capital. Free movement of labor will even involve the right for individuals to work in

Contract law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 1

Contract law - Essay Example Consideration refers to something of value which is provided for a promise and must be provided to enforce the contract. An agreement not supported by a consideration is not binding An offer portrays a will to contract on the basis of the specified terms and once accepted by the other party, the offeror is bound if through the offer, the contracting party is convinced that the offeror intends to transact as per specified terms. For instance in the case of Carlill v Carbolic Smoke Ball Company [1893] 2 QB 256, a medical firm placed an advert for its new drug called carbolic smoke ball would cure flu. The advert further stated that buyers of this drug would be paid ?100 if the drug did not cure as provided. The court held that the advertisement was actually an offer which was biding. The following section is an advice to Cleanaway Limited as to whether they are contractually bound to provide cleaning services to the Council. Evidently, Cleanaway made an offer to the Council by agreeing to provide a quotation for their service on Monday 21 September. Initially, Cleanaway had made an offer for house cleaning services on hourly basis which was placed at ?40 per hour. However, the Council seemed not satisfied with initial offer that was made on their standard form. On Monday 28th September, the Council sent a fax asking for another quote now on per unit basis, to which Cleanaway Limited responded via fax the following day at ?200 per house. The second offer stipulated that both the standard terms and conditions applied. Based on this, Cleanaway Limited had made two offers to the Council and on the part of acceptance; Cleanaway expressly stated that the council must do it in writing by Friday 2 October. This is a clear indication that the offer had a stipulate period after which it could no longer apply. According to MARSHALL (2012), acceptance to an offer represents unqualified and final expression of assent to the terms of an offer. It represents a manifestation by the recipient to be bound by the terms of the offer. Ideally, an offer has to be accepted precisely to form an agreement. Such an offer must be accepted and all terms complied with. According to ZYWICKI (2008), acceptance has no legal effect until it is communicated to the offeror since it is important for the offeror to know that his offer has been accepted. In this vein, the common law provides that postal acceptance becomes effective when the acceptance letter is posted regardless of whether the letter is delayed, destroyed on misplaced when in transit. However, the postal rule fails to apply when the offer excludes such provisions expressly. Communication via post creates some practical difficulties considering that an offeror can withdraw an acceptance before it reaches the offeree. In this regard, there is an exception to the mode of communication. In Adams v Lindsell (1818) and Household Fire Insurance v Grant (1879), the court held that the decision to treat postage as a sig n of completion of an acceptance can be risky due to problems of loss and delays. As such, postal acceptance rule can only apply in circumstances where use of postage was reasonably contemplated by both transacting parties or was indeed stipulated by the offeror in the offer. Having said that and by considering technology advancement, the court is presently trying to confine the scope of postal acceptance principle. In Holwell

Sport Organization Communications Proposal Term Paper

Sport Organization Communications Proposal - Term Paper Example The term communication now covers all the latter-day additions to the primitive trench or passageway: telegraph, telephone, radio, television and computer. The distinguishing feature of all these modern inventions is that they enable rapid communication between persons widely separated thus giving them the group name ‘telecommunications’ with ‘tele’ stemming from the Greek word far ‘far off.’ In broad terms, communication means that which is shared, the ‘commons’ as the English language flowered, communication stood for the action of sharing in the mental or non-material realm, especially in and through the use of words. Anything that links two or more persons or places has come to be communication as it has come to include the means as well as the primary activity itself, (Adair, 2009) Communication skills are essential in leading, managing and working others. Understanding the nature of communication is the foundation of effective communication and hence the skills required include speaking, listening, writing and reading. For effective communication, every individual needs a good grounding and ability in these skills, so it is a matter of sharpening and honing them in the context of the daily working life. The aspiration to lead or manage others need competency in these skills as communication is a brother and sister of leadership. Principles of good speaking, which are the same as the general principles of communication are being simple, prepared, clear, vivid and natural. These principles need to be tied firmly on the communication mast as they can be applied in every form of communication. According to Adair (2009), communication usually implies both intension and means and in a sharper focus can be said that it is essentially the ability of one person to make contact with another to make himself or herself understood. It can also be the process by which meanings are exchanged between

The Worst Print Media Design Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

The Worst Print Media Design - Essay Example According to the studies conducted by Palshaw (1986), these companies’ advertisers are trying to reach out to their potential customers through the use of these media. Television advertising, being the most expensive way of promoting products or services, directly approaches the public. However, advertising through television requires ample budget because these TV commercials should be enticing enough in the eyes of the public. TV commercials should be interesting enough, something that would make their imaginative minds work. Moreover, TV commercials should possess qualities that would hit the companies’ goals; thus, making it very specific (Leebron, 1997). Palshaw (1986) added that with the use of radio advertising, the commercial should be better inclined with either a TV or print media so that it could, in a way, better affect the public. Radio advertising also requires a lot of effort on the part of the companies’ advertisers. Print advertising, on the other hand, can also reach out to the public and directly influence its target market only if the print ad itself is evoking enough. Palshaw (1986) concluded that the best way to promote products or services is through the use of combined or mixed media. For example, a company could promote its products or services using the media cited above. Meaning they can take advantage of TV commercials, simultaneously supported by radio commercials, in addition with print advertising. With this method, the companies can take advantage of every media that reaches out to public market through various waves. And since each of these media have their own advantages and disadvantages, by usin g mixed media, these media compromise each other. In addition, with the use of mixed media advertising, the company can pinpoint exactly which of the advertising methods do most of its integral purpose. Another media that companies could use is, by far, more effective than TV advertising. It is

Theoretical Causes of Rape Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Theoretical Causes of Rape - Essay Example The 16 questions shall be sub-grouped to represent the four theories as causes of rape identified in Hyde's text (1996). With the goal of raising the school board's consciousness in recognizing the lack of education and awareness of the topic, this research aims to take future action towards preventive measures for an inevitable sexual assault. In a civilized society, human behavior is governed by acceptable norms and punishment is often sought as an alternative course to correct a deviant behavior. With increasing highlight on sexual violence as a punishable crime in the civilized world, rape stands among one of the heinous crimes by an individual or group of individuals against an individual for the life altering consequences that is brought about by the experience to the victim. However society's idea on equal protection of laws brings out the need to understand the core of such errant behavior. The need to discover any adaptation techniques that would help limit the incidence of this sexual perversion common even to highly-educated individuals is seen as an effective approach to the problem of rape in particular would gear everyone on the knowledge that "no means no" and using the "point of no return" excuse will eventually tarnish the perpetrator's ideas that leads to an aberrant behavior. Knowledge is therefore consi dered as the most effective approach to combat rape as a form of sexual deviation that helps society understand and formulate an well-founded approach to this problem. Rape as a form of sexual assault is common in most societies. It is the most prevalent issue in the world that represents violence against women in common and as a sexual assault on the victim(s) itself. Throughout time, rape has had many meanings that prior to the 1970s under the common law definition predominantly defined rape as an unlawful act of carnal knowledge of a female without her consent (Reid, 1989). Where copulation is resisted to the best of the victim's ability (Thornhill and Palmer; 2000, p. 1); Searles and Berger (1987) defined rape as a non-consensual sexual penetration of an adolescent or adult obtained by physical force, by threat of bodily harm, or when the victim is incapable of giving consent by virtue of mental illness, mental retardation, or intoxication. More specifically all of the above definition has been simplified by the Minnesota State Law (section 609.342) that considers rape as simply a sexual contact achieved without consent; through physical force , coercion, deception, threat; that includes the victim's mental or physical impairment. In the broader legal term it indicates a sexual activity with another person who cannot or does not consent (RAINN, 2001). For the purpose of this study, the researcher shall utilize Hyde's (1996), definition of rape, which states, "nonconsensual oral, anal, or vaginal penetration, obtained by force, by threat of bodily harm, or when the victim is incapable of giving consent" (p. 344). Koss et al. (1987) found that more than 15% of the women claimed being raped, and 12.1% indicated that they had been victims of attempted rape in the United States. An additional 14.4% reported that they had experienced lesser forms of sexual assault. Such reports according to the US Department of Justice (RAINN, 2001) warns that a woman is sexually assaulted every two minutes in America, and a woman has a one in

Data Driven Marketing Assingment Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Data Driven Marketing Assingment - Assignment Example By disaggregation, the present value of lifetime  customer  cash flows are seen in two main ideas: how much cash a customer  pays per period and how many periods a  customer  pays.  Customer  longevity is often associated with loyalty. Analysis in Cell2cell is based on the Net Present Value (NPV) principle: Customer  NPV = PV of lifetime  customer  cash flows - acquisition costs PV of lifetime cash flows = cash flow per period x number of period Cell2cell wireless telecom has a more formal and regular interaction with customers through their service sales points, where various issues and technical problems are resolved. Cell2cell runs two major payment packages: post paid and prepaid payment plans. With the prepayment package, many customers who are not very interested in bills or may not be able to afford a post payment plan can enjoy the flexibility of cellular network services over easily absorbed or smaller bill packages lower than a dollar, this is an effecti ve means of generating revenue for Cell2cell. Customers in general prefer lower priced goods yet they value quality, in line with the demand theory â€Å"the lower the price, the more the quantity demanded.† A predetermined billing arrangement with customers on the post pay plan pronounces ease in predictability in terms of cash flow streams. Even at the prepaid level, the customer still maintains a predictable line rental fee. A reasonable amount of data is stored in the archives of Cell2cell on the numerous customers. Based on relationships, behavioral patterns, income levels, social criteria, nature of business, emotional complexities, and a number of factors, Cell2cell makes adscititious predictions on cash flow streams. Churning is possible if total utility falls, the sum of utilities from each quantity consumed, of the goods and services provided by Cell2cell, from one to the number actually consumed. Utility denotes satisfaction or benefit, utility is essentially based on individual feelings and not on things which have objective or physical existence and it relates to a particular time. Timing for Cell2cell introduces bundling, adding new products contributes massively in cutting down churning. Model Predictions for Cell2cell - Predictive modeling support churn management by tagging customers likely to churn - Campaign targeted to the most profitable at-risk customers - Customers on high risk churning percentage should first be sorted by profitability Factors Driving Churn Telecommunication has seen considerable increase in efficiency, growth and profitability. Growth in the industry for the players has meant fierce competition, consumers on the other hand are more and more demanding and to sustain this continuous need to be on top of the market would mean enchaining affordability and reliability. Ensuring that customer gets full services readily and without any hindrances would mean an extra cost in purchasing more powerful equipments with high speed capabilities, Cell2cell has made a substantial investment in leading edge technologies and has placed itself on a viable platform in retaining the price leader in the market. With poor technologies, the ability to meet the demands of customers is reduced; churning increases and profitability is affected. Customers are very interested in new technologies to do away with boredom, inventing new approaches to business and offering

Theoretical Causes of Rape Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5750 words

Theoretical Causes of Rape - Essay Example The 16 questions shall be sub-grouped to represent the four theories as causes of rape identified in Hyde's text (1996). With the goal of raising the school board's consciousness in recognizing the lack of education and awareness of the topic, this research aims to take future action towards preventive measures for an inevitable sexual assault. In a civilized society, human behavior is governed by acceptable norms and punishment is often sought as an alternative course to correct a deviant behavior. With increasing highlight on sexual violence as a punishable crime in the civilized world, rape stands among one of the heinous crimes by an individual or group of individuals against an individual for the life altering consequences that is brought about by the experience to the victim. However society's idea on equal protection of laws brings out the need to understand the core of such errant behavior. The need to discover any adaptation techniques that would help limit the incidence of this sexual perversion common even to highly-educated individuals is seen as an effective approach to the problem of rape in particular would gear everyone on the knowledge that "no means no" and using the "point of no return" excuse will eventually tarnish the perpetrator's ideas that leads to an aberrant behavior. Knowledge is therefore consi dered as the most effective approach to combat rape as a form of sexual deviation that helps society understand and formulate an well-founded approach to this problem. Rape as a form of sexual assault is common in most societies. It is the most prevalent issue in the world that represents violence against women in common and as a sexual assault on the victim(s) itself. Throughout time, rape has had many meanings that prior to the 1970s under the common law definition predominantly defined rape as an unlawful act of carnal knowledge of a female without her consent (Reid, 1989). Where copulation is resisted to the best of the victim's ability (Thornhill and Palmer; 2000, p. 1); Searles and Berger (1987) defined rape as a non-consensual sexual penetration of an adolescent or adult obtained by physical force, by threat of bodily harm, or when the victim is incapable of giving consent by virtue of mental illness, mental retardation, or intoxication. More specifically all of the above definition has been simplified by the Minnesota State Law (section 609.342) that considers rape as simply a sexual contact achieved without consent; through physical force , coercion, deception, threat; that includes the victim's mental or physical impairment. In the broader legal term it indicates a sexual activity with another person who cannot or does not consent (RAINN, 2001). For the purpose of this study, the researcher shall utilize Hyde's (1996), definition of rape, which states, "nonconsensual oral, anal, or vaginal penetration, obtained by force, by threat of bodily harm, or when the victim is incapable of giving consent" (p. 344). Koss et al. (1987) found that more than 15% of the women claimed being raped, and 12.1% indicated that they had been victims of attempted rape in the United States. An additional 14.4% reported that they had experienced lesser forms of sexual assault. Such reports according to the US Department of Justice (RAINN, 2001) warns that a woman is sexually assaulted every two minutes in America, and a woman has a one in

American government Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

American government - Essay Example Their laborious journey to California in search of employment and survival of the family members is seen in the film. In reality, the family did not succeed in their journey, and they eventually disintegrated. However, the movie has a successful conclusion since the family landed in a suitable place provided by the government to live. An optimistic view is given in the movie, rather than the challenges that the immigrants had at the conclusion of their voyage. The idea that even the most underprivileged Americans could have a vehicle does not augur well with many skeptics. However, the film candidly recreates the Great Depression and the socio-economic impacts that it initiated among the masses (Nugent). The predicament of the family characterizes the challenges that other families from the region faced because of the personal interests of financial institutions and insatiable individuals. Most of the progression of events and expressions used either have been omitted or have been toned up. In as much as there may be some alterations from the original story, the movie succeeds in depicting American history and historical

A Review of Hunter x Hunter

A Review of Hunter x Hunter Hunter x Hunter Review Name:Hunter x Hunter (2011) Author:Togashi Yoshihiro Episodes:1-Ongoing Runtime:2011-present GenreAction: Adventure, Fantasy Critics Description Togashi Yoshihiro is a well known mangaka responsible for Yu Yu Hakusho, one of the best anime of the mid 90-s often compared to Dragon Ball Z. While I was young I practically loved that series. Around 2013 I heard of a series named Hunter x Hunter which I had been intentionally avoiding until I discovered that it was written by Togashi Toshihiro. So I paused every anime I kept on my to-watch-list to see through this series hoping for the best. And in around a week I completed watching every episode proceeded to read the manga right away. Cant say I was disappointed. It was amazing. In my opinion Togashi Yoshihiro certainly exceeded my expectations with this. Something about it gave me a nostalgic feeling. So I ended up deciding to write a review on it to share the experience a bit and recommend it to a few extra people. Cause this anime is certainly worth a try! Story Fearsome monstersexotic creatures Vast richesHidden Treasures Evil enclavesunexplored lands The world unknown holds magic And some incredible people ar drawn to that magic They are known as.. Hunters -Intro of Hunter x Hunter 12 years prior to the story, one of the greatest Hunters in the world, Ging Freecss, left his infant child, Gon Freecss, to the care of his little sister, Mito. Mito, raised Gon as her own but her hatred for her brother caused her to tell Gon that his parents died. Gon lived in Whale Island an island filled with forests and mountains so he grew up around nature and often explored into the forest. One Day, Gon learned that his father was alive. So he decided to become a hunter and find his father. But being a Hunter wouldnt be easy. To be a Hunter one must participate in the Hunter exam, a very difficult exam that can only be passed by the elites of humanity. Through the exam Gon makes new friends and foes as he continues his journey to find his father and become the Best Hunter in the world! My take on the story The main plot, which focuses on Gons search for his father, isnt very original. Along with that the first few episodes werent all that interesting as well. It has a slow buil d up. But thats all the flaws I can point out. Nothing more. The story of every arc up to date have been absolutely amazing. Some better than others. The latest arc of the Anime easily dropped into one of my favorite arcs in all of anime and believe me I have watched plenty. So its safe to say that the story is very good. 8.4/10 Animation The animation is very bright and colorful which makes it seam cheery at times but it does not fail to get dark when the time calls for it. The characters were done well and the special effects were done. But it doesnt really stand out of the standard animation design so there isnt much that can be said about it. But I can safely say that its not very bad rather its pretty good. Well I for one liked it. Thats for sure. It isnt the type of animation that can turn people down so the animation isnt worth much to worry about. Its on the better side of average thats for sure. 8/10 Soundtrack I really like orchestral sound tracks and of course HxH delivers. The adventure-ish sound track fits perfectly into the series. Each character has different themes to go with their character, and the music doesnt do any less then fit the situation perfectly. The intro Departure can leave a very nostalgic feel to anybody who watched old animes like Dragon Ball. Another thing it does is get you pumped, The OST, boys, be courageous is a perfect example. Also there is Legend of The Martial Artist that emits the feel of an awesome event coming up. And my personal favorite is Riot. The timing of this song on the Phantom troupe arc was beyond brilliant. The hopeless, fearsome and yet the reason behind the song was kind of sad and the quotation said along it made it a truly memorable scene. Reason is a stand alone piece based on the friendship of Gon and Killua which was absolutely wonderful. These help this anime truly become an amazing experience. 9.3/10 Characters Hunter x Hunter mainly focuses on four main characters. Gon, Killua, Kurapika and Leorio. Each character has their own purpose and goal. A bond between you and the characters can grow rather quickly and you can feel their sorrow. So here is a listing of the four main characters and there respective theme songs and backgrounds. Gon Freecss Gon Freecss is a 12-13 year old boy determined to find his father. His father was one of the best Hunters in existence. Gon wants to know why his father chose his profession as a Hunter rather then raising him. So he departs his peaceful island to become a pro hunter and find his father. Gon is simple-minded, tenacious, innocent and kind. He isnt very good with math though and isnt very bright. His theme is The world of Adventurers. It keeps his character down as a determined yet childish. He might be the typical Shonen main character but something about this guy really draws me out. His happy go lucky character, his innocent point of vie w and even his sort of childish manner. A lot of things about this guy that can attach you with this guy even to the point on sharing his hopes and dreams. Leorio Paladiknight Leorio comes of as a selfish guy who believes anything can be done through money. And so to earn vast riches he decided to become a hunter. Though Leorio aims to use the advantages of becoming a Hunter to follow his true dream beyond earning simply money. He is a hardy character who does not like to be disrespected and doesnt like it when people dont take him seriously. His theme is cheeky and stylish and jazzy which suits his character. Leorio is a good guy, although hes my least favorite of the four He is quite knowledgeable in his field but lacks an overall appearance compared to the other characters in my opinion. Though this guys jazzy theme does have a nice ring to it thats for sure. Kurapika Kurata Kurapika is the last decedent of the Kurata clan. He was the sole survivor when his clan was killed by the Phantom Troupe, a powerful group of bandits. He seeks to crumble the Troupe and retrieve the scarlet eyes of the Kurata clan and restore their honor. Kurapikka is calm and diligent. He dislikes to put others in danger and always thinks things through. His theme matches his will to redeem his clan and also his strategic thinking. I really like this character. His goal to seek vengeance might be cliche, but unlike many characters he goes out and does wha ever he can as early as he can to do whatever he can to seek vengeance. Might be cliched yes but I like him. Killua Zoldyk Killua is an assassin from the Zoldyk family. Tired of killing he decided to run away from home (stabbing his mother in progress) and become a hunter. He is skilled and powerful as everyone in the family are born to be the perfect assassins. cool, calm and collected Killua was born to kill as his name suggests. He often puts survival above anything else and knows when to run away. His theme music bring out his sa distic and scary side. This kid is not to be messed with! Killua is my favorite character of this series for his friendship with Gon and how their relationship and trust grows together. He wants to protect his friends to the point of forgetting what he trained from his birth Aside from that I like his character design too. He really is a cool character. Overall Overall I love this anime. Being a remake of a 90-s anime it still feels like an old anime with one solid opening and multiple changing endings. The series is wonderful but its not really meant for action oriented anime viewers as it puts stratagy before anything else. Since Im not that type I fairly enjoyed this series. Overall this anime had a huge impact on me, and also gave of a lot of nostalgia. My overall rating might be biased cause I was a huge fan of animes which shares similar elements. But thats just simply my opinion. But I hope that by reading this review you have decided to at least check it out yourself. Thanks for reading. I gave this 9.1/10

A Comparison Of The Catcher In The Rye And The Adventures Of Huck Finn :: essays research papers

The forthcoming of American literature proposes two distinct Realistic novels portraying characters which are tested with a plethora of adventures. In this essay, two great American novels are compared: The Adventures of Huck Finn by Mark Twain and The Catcher In The Rye by J.D. Salinger. The Adventures of Huck Finn is a novel based on the adventures of a boy named Huck Finn, who along with a slave, Jim, make their way along the Mississippi River during the Nineteenth Century. The Catcher In The Rye is a novel about a young man called Holden Caulfield, who travels from Pencey Prep to New York City struggling with his own neurotic problems. These two novels can be compared using the Cosmogonic Cycle with both literal and symbolic interpretations. The Cosmogonic Cycle is a name for a universal and archetypal situation. There are six parts that make up the cycle: the call to adventure, the threshold crossing, the road of trials, the supreme test, a flight or a flee, and finally a return. There are more parts they do not necessarily fall into the same order, examples of these are symbolic death and motifs. The Cosmogonic Cycle is an interesting way to interpret literature because is Universal or correlates with any time period and any situation. The Call to Adventure is the first of the Cosmogonic Cycle. It is the actual "call to adventure" that one receives to begin the cycle. There are many ways that this is found in literature including going by desire, by chance, by abduction, and by being lured by an outside force. In The Adventures of Huck Finn, Huck is forced with the dilemma of whether to stay with his father and continue to be abused or to leave. Huck goes because he desires to begin his journey. In The Catcher In The Rye, Holden mentally is torn between experience and innocence, it would seem to him that an outside force is luring him to do something but in actuality he is beginning his journey because of his desire. The Call to Adventure is the first step in the Cosmogonic Cycle, it is the step at which the character or hero is brought into cycle. The Threshold Crossing is the second step, it is the place or the person that which the character crosses over or through into the Zone Unknown. The Zone Unknown being the place where the journey takes place. The threshold crossing is often associated with a character change or an appearance change. An example of this is in The Wizard of Oz, when the movie goes from black and white to color, showing a visual

Is Time Travel Possible? Essay -- Space Back to the Future Science Fic

Is Time Travel Possible? Time travel has always fascinated humans. The idea of being able to change the past or the future creates infinite possibilities. The most common form of time travel is through the use of a time machine, although in some cases, characters with mystical powers can transport others in time. The subject of time travel has been brought up in various blockbuster movies, such as Back to the Future series, the Terminator trilogy, and even Bill and Ted’s Excellent Adventure.4 In the literary world, some well-known writers have written about time travel, including H.G. Wells, Issac Asimov, Ray Bradbury, Robert Heinlein and Madeline L’Engle. There are songs about time travel, from George Harrison’s â€Å"Any Road† to â€Å"The Timewarp† from the Rocky Horror Picture Show. Time travel is also a prominent theme in commercials and advertisements, television shows, and art. In these media forms, time travel can be construed as good or bad. In some cases, the hero or heroine in the story travels back in time to save someone or change a bad outcome. In others, tampering with the past leads to tragedy in the future. A frequent topic on this is what happens if one were to meet himself in the past. Because we have no definite answers on the concept of time travel, the possibilities in entertainment are endless. Scientifically, there are currently three popular theories on how time travel may be possible: through the use of black holes, wormholes, and cosmic strings. There are two types of black holes. Schwarzschild black holes are the more well-known and consist of a singularity at the center that crushes all matter beyond recognition. Kerr holes are rotating black holes where the singularity is formed in a ring, much like th... ...htly older while his twin has long since died of old age. The consequences of time travel on society would be tremendous. Today’s moral systems are based on the concept that (as Shakespeare wrote) â€Å"what’s done cannot be undone.† A society in which the correction of past mistakes or the prevention of future ones was possible would most likely have a radically different moral system less focused on the consequences of one’s actions. (1)Hawking, Stephen. â€Å"Lectures: Space and Time Warps.† . (2) Pickover, Clifford. â€Å"Traveling Through Time.† 2000. NOVA Online. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/time/through.html. (3)â€Å"Sagan on Time Travel.† 2000. NOVA Online.. (4)â€Å"‘Time Travel’ Transcripts.† 1999. NOVA. .

Continuous improvement Essay

What is continuous improvement means in the context of organisational success Continuous improvement is a quality philosophy that assumes further improvements are always possible and that processes should be continuously re-evaluated and improvements implemented. It is also the seeking of small improvements in processes and products, with the objective of increasing quality and reducing waste. It is believed that an organization must constantly measure the effectiveness of its processes and strive to meet more difficult objectives to satisfy customers. Continuous improvement is an ongoing effort to improve products, services or processes. These efforts can seek â€Å"incremental† improvement over time or â€Å"breakthrough† improvement all at once How it is possible to lead continuous improvement systems and processes -Encouraging and supporting team members to participate in decision-making processes: Quality management is a process in business that requires participation from everyone, from senior management to those on the shop floor. Quality management can only be effective if everyone participates and contributes ideas for the overall improvement of a business. Without active participation by everyone, you are not getting everything you could get from the process. You need to involve everyone; you need to ensure that you listen to everyone’s ideas. After all, often it is not just management who know how to make improvements. Those on the shop floor deal with problems on a daily basis, and this puts them in the best position to find ways of making improvements. In this section we will look at ways of working with your team to ensure that you are getting the active participation of all team members. There are a range of tools that can be used to ensure that your team is encouraged to participate in the continuous improvement process. oBrainstoming oCheck sheets oMind mapping oCause and Effect diagram oNorminal Group technique oConsensus oVoting -Ensuring continuous improvement processes are communicated to stakeholders: In order to be successful, it is important that quality initiatives and the general concept of quality management is promoted throughout an organisation. Quality management requires solid commitment on the part of management and all staff members in order to be regarded as successful, and promotion is an extremely useful means of showing, and developing, this commitment. We will examine promotion of quality through a cyclic approach. In a sense, this approach can be likened to the idea of quality management, as it involves continuous improvement of ideas. The four major means of communicating and promoting quality initiatives within an organisation are: oNewsletters oWorkshops oForum groups oPresentations -Developing effective mentoring and coaching processes: Many industries have very high worker turnover and recruiting staff and more importantly retaining them can be quite difficult to achieve. Having a coach or mentor in place can help relieve much of the stress that new staff feel when they begin a new job. New staff may lack experience or some of the core skills required to undertake a specific job and by having a coach or mentor there to provide assistance, you can assist in reducing the stress felt by new staff undertaking a new job. The process of having a coach or mentor assigned to your new staff is not a new idea, but one which can provide significant advances in improving overall quality in the workplace. They also enhance the individual employees performance. There are a number of different methods that can be used when creating a coaching or mentoring scheme in your workplace. These include: -Personal coaching programs employing external or internal coaches -Traditional’ or peer-to-peer mentoring schemes -Buddy schemes, a form of two-way peer-to-peer mentoring The method that you decide to utilise when working towards improving quality in your work place will be entirely dependant on what you are trying to fix and the type of skills that are already present in your workplace. You may also need to consider the organisation and its culture. Some organisations simply do not have the kind of culture that allows for one individual to assist another easily without the staff feeling uncomfortable. It is therefore extremely important to consider the effects of the company’s culture on any systems that you may decide to implement into the workplace. Competition, for example, among employees for reaching sales targets or earning commission may mean that there is a lack of willingness to act as an effective mentor or coach. Coaching and mentoring are generally used to provide on-job training, however it can be a lot wider than this. Coaches in the workplace can become an integral strategy in improving quality by developing staff on a continuous rather than one off basis. How an organisational leader would contribute to and implement continuous improvement initiatives It is fundamental to the success of the Management System and to the implementation of continual improvement throughout the organization that senior managers provide strong leadership; visible and active support; and, demonstrated commitment. To encourage improved individual and organization performance, executive sponsors should empower and make individuals accountable for their work. The role of senior management in continual improvement includes the following responsibilities. -Establishing a vision for continual improvement -Establishing overall goals for continual improvement -Creating the motivation for change -Establishing commitment and alignment of the senior management team -Managing the continual improvement programme -Creating a continual improvement culture -Impact on staff involved in continual improvement -Recognizing staff for continual improvement success -Openness and honesty A specific example approaches used for continual process improvement (CPI): TEPCO – JAPAN In TEPCO the following 10 steps outline the process improvement methodology: -Step 1: Determine the boundaries of the process that requires improvement, Organize, Capture â€Å"as-is† SIPOC (Suppliers, inputs, process, outputs, customers). -Step 2:Benchmark the process against industry â€Å"Best Practices†. – Set goals. -Step 3: Capture the current â€Å"as-is† process.

Paper Towns By John Green Essay

Quentin and Margo meet at a random night when Margo sneaks into Quentin’s room. Since then, Quentin follows Margo on her adventurous mission for revenge of her boy friend cheating. Quentin and Margo get closer which makes Quentin to feel like he is going to be close friends with her since that day. However, Margo goes missing the next day, leaving only few clues for Quentin to search for herself. Quentin and his friends, Ben, Radar, and Lacey, find few clues at Margo’s room when her parents go away. At her room, they find Walt Whitman’s book, Leaves of Grass, and find few quotes that are highlighted. Quentin then finds a location clue at his house and head to the location in search of Margo. He finds maps that are connected with holes from the pins. He later finds out that she is at Algoe, New York, and heads to Algoe with his friends on a road trip. After a road trip, Quentin and his friends arrive at Algoe, New York where Margo is. They see Margo writing down s tuffs in her black notebook. Margo is surprised to see that Quentin was able to find her but she soon recognizes their effort and starts to explain about herself. Quotes: 1) â€Å"†¦maybe she loved mysteries so much that she became one.† (Page.8) This quote is important because it’s foreshadowing Margo’s live later in the book. Margo disappeared after her adventurous night with Quentin, only left a few hints for him to look for her. She becomes a mystery for everyone because no one knows where she is. However, Quentin and his friends later found her in Algoe. Margo being different from others is represented with her mysteriousness and odd perception. 2) â€Å"It’s a paper town. I mean look at it, Q: look at all those cul-de-sacs, those streets that turn in on themselves, all the houses that were built to fall apart.† (Page. 57) As Quentin and Margo are on top of the Suntrust Building, Margo is explaining her point of view of the city where she has been living for eighteen years. By comparing Orlando to paper town. The way that she talks about the cul-de-sacs expresses her feeling of being trapped because the roads turn in on themselves not leaving any open places. Also, the paper town relates to the houses where everything is frail including the people who live there because they only care about things that concern them blocking out  everything else. 3) â€Å"I looked down and thought about how I was made of paper. I was the flimsy-foldable person, not everyone else.† (Green 293). Margo explains to Quentin her real thoughts on paper town and paper girl reflecting on her previous statement at the Suntrust Building. Margo begins to understand herself better after having isolated herself by running away. Margo describing herself as â€Å"flimsy-foldable† refers to her dual life where everyone in school perceives her differently. She is viewed as the leader and the popular fashionable person admired by many of her fellow classmates. However, at home, there is a side that no one is aware of regarding Margo such as the record collection she owns. Regarding this fact, Margo can easily change herself to a different person just like paper changes its shape when it’s folded. Therefore, Margo herself sees and realizes who she really is through comparing herself to paper. Character Comparison: Quentin Jaconsen Quentin take his friends and family for granted, thing almost of his own wants and selfish. However, he is also funny and intelligent and has a good heart. In Quentin I found a character I was particularly able to relate in one way, his expectations of his best friend Ben. For pretty much throughout the book, Quentin constantly wants Ben to change. He wants him to stop being so crass, to stop using the word â€Å"honeybunny†, to stop being obsessed with finding a date to take to their prom and to stop being too busy or too tired when Quentin wants to talk again about Margo or play Resurrection. Basically, Quentin wants Ben to be exactly like him. He never truly accepts Ben for who he is. Like what Radar tells him â€Å"You know your problem, Quentin? You keep expecting people not to be themselves. I mean, I could hate you for being massively unpunctual and for never being interested in anything other than Margo Roth Spiegelman, and for, like, never asking me about how it’s going with my girlfriend – but I don’t give a shit, man, because you’re you†¦.You’re funny and you’re smart, and you may show up late, but you always show up eventually.† (Page. 194). Radar then goes on to tell Quentin â€Å"Just saying: stop thinking Ben should be you, and he needs to stop thinking you should be him.† (Page. 195). Reading Radar’s speech helped me to realize I have the same problem with Quentin. I want people not to be  themselves. I want them to be nicer, happier, friendlier, less self-involved, more sincere, more understanding, more enthusiastic, more interest in the thing I’m interested in and a whole of other things. I want them to be what I want them to be. But I don’t just do this with people. I do it with everything. I constantly crave everything in my life to be better, to be more exciting, to be more meaningful than it really is. I think this is because I can’t help but imagine all the awesome and amazing possibilities of what someone or something could be. Connection: In another book of John Green, Looking for Alaska, Alaska mysteriously goes missing, just like Margo. However, in the real world, generally, there are quite a few teenagers who run away from home because they are misunderstood or they feel the need to just get away from the stress, which was the case with Margo. Seminar Question: If I were to lead a seminar discussion on Paper Towns by John Green, I would ask â€Å"Since Margo compared herself to paper, who is the real her? Does she feel comfortable for not being who she really is? Is that mean Quentin been liking the â€Å"paper† Margo all the time?†

Uses of ICT

This section will discuss the background of the study, the statement of the problems, the objectives of the study and the method and limitations of. BACKGROUND. The integration of Information and communication technologies (ICT) into the curriculum is one of the most challenging tasks facing schools. It raises fundamental questions regarding the purposes of schooling and the nature of the curriculum. Information and communication technologies (ICT)—which include radio and television, as well as newer digital technologies such as computers and the Internet—have been touted as potentially powerful enabling tools for educational change and reform. When used appropriately, different ICTs are said to help expand access to education, strengthen the relevance of education to the increasingly digital workplace, and raise educational quality by, among others, helping make teaching and learning into an engaging, active process connected to real life.. The effective integration of ICT into the educational system is a complex, multifaceted process that involves not just technology—indeed, given enough initial capital, getting the technology is the easiest part! —but also curriculum and pedagogy, institutional readiness, teacher competencies, and long-term financing, among others. The positive influence of ICT in schools continues to rise and can no longer be denied. Although, as yet, ICT is by no means at the heart of our education system, it is now widely recognised as an essential tool for learning in the twenty-first century. Indeed, it is vital that today’s children are enabled to take advantage of lifelong learning if they are to survive the constant pattern of change that is likely to mark their working lives. This means not only being comfortable with ICT as a medium, but also being able to exploit its potential to the full and understanding the ways in which ICT can make learning more effective.

There are two essays in the information part Coursework

There are two essays in the information part - Coursework Example In management practices culture, communication and team work often form the cog of management, and the correct and positive interpretation and illustration of these translate into effective management. One could state factually that management is a vital human activity, and the fact that people through groups has pushed the increasing need for management. The major focus of this paper is to provide a critical discussion of the assumptions in management theories and models, and their implications in management practice. There are a number of reports showing certain managers who have achieved success in management without being privy to theoretical management knowledge, while on the other hand there are who have been to the highest class in management and even proposed theories in management, yet success in management practice eludes them. This is the paradox of the management theory and practice, underpinned by assumptions. In order to build a discussion on the thesis mentioned above the paper will proceed with an exploration of the assumptions that underpins management practice, but first it is important to understand the meaning of management, in a bid to build clarity in understanding. Management is described as both an art and a science that is used in achieving goals through people, and it is a function that makes sure that people perform roles that have been assigned to them. Hence, managers must ensure productivity and continuous improvement in production or service delivery (Brocklehurst, Grey and Sturdy, 2010). Considered on a wider scale management could be aptly defined as the process of developing and sustaining the environment where people, work in groups, effectively surmount provided aims. In this considered definition, management could draw a variety of meanings. First, managers are individuals who carry on managerial roles of planning, organising, staffing, leading and controlling an

Is Justice for All Possible in America Research Paper

Is Justice for All Possible in America - Research Paper Example The civil war paved the way for slaves to be freed so that they receive just and equal treatment; while the feminist movement has been slowly working towards changing the way women are viewed in the home and at the workplace (Kessler, 304). The Gay-Pride movement has been fighting for the acceptance of gay and lesbian people and has been gaining acceptance slowly. Inclusion of Different Groups The laws of a state or country are developed in order to provide a fair and just treatment to all citizens. An important issue that needs to be considered is the definition of the term ‘citizen’. Historically, women, slaves and the lower classes have rarely been considered as citizens, and the rights of these groups have not been considered when evaluating the extent to which the legal system is just. This means that often, even the most effective of justice systems did not represent a large portion of humans living in the country (Schmidtz, 110). Before the civil war, the inhuman treatment of slaves and other people of color was not addressed by the justice systems; and for a long time, women suffered in the workplace and at home because they were deemed inferior. Homosexual persons still find it difficult to gain acceptance in some parts of the country; and find it difficult to enter the army or share a bond of matrimony in some states. Although American laws restrict the unjust treatment that can be meted out to minority groups; this does not ensure that implicit forms of discrimination against minorities have been dealt with. From a philosophical perspective, minorities often do not experience just treatment from the majorities even in America. Kessler (174-176) provides various examples of how the well... Although American laws restrict the unjust treatment that can be meted out to minority groups; this does not ensure that implicit forms of discrimination against minorities have been dealt with. From a philosophical perspective, minorities often do not experience just treatment from the majorities even in America. Kessler (174-176) provides various examples of how the well meaning individuals of minority status are discriminated against under the guise of concern for them. He also raises concern about the manner in which ‘Affirmative action programs’ are carried out. The often cited rationale behind these programs is that they provide compensatory justice to groups that have been denied opportunities in the past (Rawls, 160). While these programs report admirable growth and development for members of minority groups, in principle they are unfair to Caucasian males who are less likely to be chosen when all other factors are equal.Issues in Providing JusticeInstances like the one cited above highlight the limitations in providing justice to all. One central issue is that the concept of justice and the manner in which it is practiced is heavily influenced by the perspective, opinions and principles of individuals and groups. Groups that are considered ‘different’ are rarely afforded an equal status with others as it is believed that this would be ‘unjust’ to all concerned. This argument has been used to keep individuals of homosexual orientation out of the military, rarely targeted as effectively.